ABSTRACT

The management of epilepsy differs between men and women in many aspects. Gender-related issues need consideration in both women and men with epilepsy. For example, the hormonal changes of menstruation, pregnancy, and the perimenopousal period are unique concerns. The effect of hormonal status on seizures and of seizures on hormonal status, as well as the endocrinological side effects of antiepileptic drugs need to be considered. In addition, comorbidities such as low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders that are more commonly observed in women need attention.